Table 2 Credentialing pathway for Advanced Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery (adapted from 26)

• Step 1: Basic Preparation

 ○ Didactic lectures, Online education

 ○ Hands-on robotic training: docking, instrument exchanges

 ○ Emergency Preparedness drills

• Step 2: Advanced Preparation

 ○ Robotic simulator training

 ○ Procedure-specific video review

• Step 3: Basic Robotic Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery

 ○ Intraoperative mentoring by a credentialed robot hepato-pancreato-biliary surgeon

 ○ 10 case minimum: cholecystectomy, wedge resection of the liver, partial gastrectomy

• Step 4: Advanced Robotic Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery

 ○ Intraoperative mentoring by credentialed robot hepato-pancreato-biliary surgeon

 ○ Two-surgeon team until training is completed