Lights, camera, path splitter: a new approach for truly simultaneous dual optical mapping of the heart with a single camera

Table 2 Comparison of novel single sensor optical mapping system to dual sensor configurations

Reference	Jaimes et al. (2019)^a	Lee et al. (2011)	Bachtel et al. (2011)	Yamanaka et al. (2012)	Scull et al. (2012)
Dyes used	Rhod2 and RH237	Fura-2 and Di-4-ANBDQPQ	Di-4-ANEPPS	Rhod2 and RH237	X-Rhod-1 and Di-4-ANEPPS
Biological sample	Isolated heart	Isolated heart	Isolated heart	Isolated heart	Cell monolayer
No. of pixels	256 × 384 (rat) 640 × 512 (pig)	64 × 64	128 × 64	512 × 512	504 bundled optical fibers and PDA
Effective frame rate per channel	814 (rat) 406 (pig)	465 (variable)	375	125	488.3
Signal-to-noise	~ 12	50–200	5.8	NA	21
Necessary hardware	Single, constant wavelength light-source. Path splitter required	Four wavelength LEDs with custom-built microcontroller	Blue and cyan LEDs mounted on PCBs, custom hardware and software for rapid switching	LED ring light consisting of blue and yellow LEDs	Dual wavelength LED matrix, custom passband filter, A/D triggering board, custom LabVIEW program
Key differences	Simultaneous imaging of Vm and Ca, off-the-shelf components	Interleaved, Ratiometric Vm and ratiometric Ca	Sequential imaging, Ratiometric Vm measurements only	Sequential imaging, Emission filter wheel, allows for more possible dye combinations	Sequential imaging, Crosstalk reduction algorithm

^anote: novel configuration described in this manuscript; calculated signal-to-noise ratio measurements are listed in Additional file 5: Table S2

ISSN: 2524-4426